The dispute of the Parliament against the absolutist ideas of Carlos I, King of England, had reached its peak with the execution of the King in 1649. Since then, Protestantism became the first religion and Parliament, Lord and master of the Kingdom, the only power capable of enacting laws and direct the destinies of the nation. In that sense, no more decisive contribution to the war as the parliamentary English Oliver Cromwell (Lord Protector) leader of the army that defeated Carlos I, marking the beginning of the new Republic known as the Commonwealth (or Commonwealth English kingdoms) after the death of Cromwell, the most powerful bourgeoisie (many of them ruined by the continuous war between Catholics and Protestants), and that they needed to establish peace and order to enhance their business, they reached a formal agreement with the nobility to calm the troubled social panorama. Paved the way for reconciliation, in 1660 the monarchy was restored again in the person of Carlos II Estuardo, son of Carlos I beheaded, who unlike their progenitor, was quite skillful in its relationship with Parliament. During his reign (liberal) Whig and Tory (conservative) party were created and there was greater tolerance to the different positions. Catholic heart, it was not until his deathbed death when bent by that religion, thus becoming the first Roman Catholic who reigned in England from the death of Maria I in 1558. The romance between monarch and Parliament would not last long.
On the death of Carlos II the happy coexistence broke with the ascension to the throne of Jacobo II (23 April 1685), son younger than Carlos I, Catholic, with absolutist tendencies, hated by the Parliament. Very soon it was noticed that the House of Lords would with how much you were at your fingertips, Jacobo II to take command. The new King, impressed and disappointed at the same time, didn’t find support to restore the absolute monarchy.